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2.5 kv, isolated dc-to-dc converter data sheet adum5000 rev. b information furnished by analog devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by analog devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. specifications subject to change without notice. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of analog devices. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. one technology way, p.o. box 9106, norwood, ma 02062-9106, u.s.a. tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com fax: 781.461.3113 ?2008C2012 analog devices, inc. all rights reserved. features iso power integrated, isolated dc-to-dc converter regulated 3.3 v or 5 v output up to 500 mw output power 16-lead soic package with 7.6 mm creepage high temperature operation: 105c maximum thermal overload protection safety and regulatory approvals ul recognition 2500 v rms for 1 minute per ul 1577 csa component acceptance notice #5a vde certificate of conformity (pending) iec 60747-5-2 (vde 0884, part 2) v iorm = 560 v peak applications rs-232/rs-422/rs-485 transceivers industrial field bus isolation power supply startups and gate drives isolated sensor interfaces industrial plcs functional block diagram v dd1 gnd 1 nc rc in rc out rc sel v dd1 osc gnd 1 v iso gnd iso nc v sel nc nc v iso gnd iso 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 adum5000 07539-001 rect reg figure 1. general description the adum5000 1 is an isolated dc-to-dc converter based on the analog devices, inc., i coupler? technology. the dc-to-dc converter in this device provides regulated, isolated power in several combinations of input and output voltages as listed in table 1. the analog devices chip scale transformer, i coupler technology, transfers isolated power in this dc-to-dc converter with up to 33% efficiency. the result is a small form factor, total isolation solution. higher output power levels are obtained by using the adum5000 to augment the power output of adum5401, adum5402, adum5403, adum5404, adum520x , and other adum5000 i couplers with iso power?. iso power uses high frequency switching elements to transfer power through its transformer. special care must be taken during printed circuit board (pcb) layout to meet emissions standards. see the an-0971 application note for board layout recommendations. table 1. input voltage (v) output voltage (v) output power (mw) 5 5 500 5 3.3 330 3.3 3.3 200 1 protected by u.s. patents 5,952,849; 6,873,065; 6,903,578; and 7,075,329.
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 2 of 16 table of contents features .............................................................................................. 1 applications ....................................................................................... 1 functional block diagram .............................................................. 1 general description ......................................................................... 1 revision history ............................................................................... 2 specifications ..................................................................................... 3 electrical characteristics 5 v primary input supply/ 5 v secondary i solated supply ................................................... 3 electrical characteristics 3.3 v primary input supply/ 3.3 v secondary isolated supply ................................................ 3 electrical characteris tics 5 v primary input supply/ 3.3 v secondary isolated supply ................................................ 4 package characteristics ............................................................... 5 regulatory information ............................................................... 5 insulation and safety - related specifications ............................ 5 iec 60747 - 5 - 2 (vde 0884, part 2):2003 - 01 insulation characteristics .............................................................................. 6 recommended operating conditions .......................................6 absolute maximum ratings ............................................................7 esd caution ...................................................................................7 pin configuration and function descriptions ..............................8 typical performance characteristics ..............................................9 applications information .............................................................. 11 pcb layout ................................................................................. 11 start - up behavior ....................................................................... 11 emi considerations ................................................................... 12 thermal analysis ....................................................................... 12 current limit and thermal overload protection ................. 12 power considerations ................................................................ 12 increasing available power ....................................................... 13 insulation lifetime ..................................................................... 14 outline dimensions ....................................................................... 15 ordering guide .......................................................................... 15 revision history 5 /1 2 rev. a to rev. b created hyperlink for safety a nd regulatory approvals entry in features section ................................................................. 1 1 1 /10 rev. 0 to rev. a changes to product title and features section ............................ 1 changes to table 6 , minimum external air gap (clearance) parameter, table 7, and minimum external tracking (creepage) parameter, ta ble 7 ........................................................ 5 changed din v vde v 0884 - 10 (vde v 0884 - 10 insulation characteristics section to iec 60747 - 5 - 2 (vde 0884, part 2) : 2003 - 1 insulation characteristics and table summary .... 6 changes to table 9 ............................................................................ 6 changes to table 10 and table 11 ................................................... 7 changes to pin 10 , pin 16 description in table 12 ; changes to table 13 .......................................................................... 8 changes to figure 6 caption and figure 9 caption ..................... 9 added figure 12 and figure 13; renumbered sequentially ..... 10 added start - u p behavior section ................................................ 1 1 changes to emi considerations section and current limit and thermal overload protection section ................................. 12 changes to increasing available power section ......................... 12 changes to table 14 and table 15 ................................................ 13 10 /08 revision 0: initi al version
data sheet adum5000 rev. b | page 3 of 16 specifications electrical character istics 5 v primary input supp ly/5 v secondary isolated supp ly 4.5 v v dd1 5.5 v, v sel = v iso ; each voltage is relative to its respective ground. all min imum /max imum specifications apply over the entire recommended operating range, unless otherwise noted. all typical specifications are at t a = 25 c, v dd1 = 5.0 v , v iso = 5.0 v, and v sel = v iso . table 2 . parameter symbol min typ max unit test conditions dc - to - dc converter power supply setpoint v iso 4.7 5.0 5.4 v i iso = 0 ma line regulation v iso(line) 1 mv/v i iso = 50 ma, v dd1 = 4.5 v to 5.5 v load regulation v iso(load) 1 5 % i iso = 10 ma to 9 0 ma output ripple v iso(rip) 75 mv p - p 20 mhz bandwidth, c bo = 0.1 f || 10 f, i iso = 9 0 ma output noise v iso(n) 200 mv p - p c bo = 0.1 f ||10 f, i iso = 9 0 ma switching frequency f osc 180 mhz pwm frequency f pwm 625 khz i dd1 supply current, full v iso load i dd1(max) 290 ma i iso = 100 ma maximum output supply current i iso(max) 100 ma v iso > 4.5 v efficiency a t maximum output supply current 34 % i iso = 100 ma i dd1 supply current, no v iso l oad i dd1(q) 4 1 5 ma i iso = 0 ma undervoltage lockout, v dd1 and v iso supply positive going threshold v uv+ 2.7 v negative going threshold v uv? 2.4 v hysteresis v uvh 0.3 v electrical characteristics 3.3 v primary input supply/3.3 v seconda ry isolated supply 3.0 v v dd1 3.6 v, v sel = gnd iso ; each voltage is relative to its respective ground. all minimum/maximum specifications apply over the entire recommended operatin g range, unless otherwise noted. all typical specifications are at t a = 25c, v dd1 = 3.3 v, v iso = 3.3 v, and v sel = gnd iso . table 3 . parameter symbol min typ max unit test conditions dc - to - dc converter power supply setpoi nt v iso 3.0 3.3 3.6 v i iso = 0 ma line regulation v iso(line) 1 mv/v i iso = 3 0 ma, v dd1 = 3.0 v to 3.6 v load regulation v iso(load) 1 5 % i iso = 6 ma to 54 ma output ripple v iso(rip) 50 mv p -p 20 mhz bandwidth, c bo = 0.1 f || 10 f, i iso = 54 ma output noise v iso(n) 130 mv p -p c bo = 0.1 f ||10 f, i iso = 54 ma switching frequency f osc 180 mhz pwm frequency f pwm 625 khz i dd1 supply current, full v iso load i dd1(max) 175 ma i iso = 60 ma maximum output suppl y current i iso( max ) 60 ma v iso > 3.0 v efficiency a t max imum output supply current 35 % i iso = 60 ma i dd1 supply current, no v iso l oad i dd1(q) 3 12 ma i iso = 0 ma undervoltage lockout, v dd1 and v iso supply positive going threshold v uv+ 2.7 v negative going threshold v uv? 2.4 v hysteresis v uvh 0.3 v
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 4 of 16 electrical character istics 5 v primary input supp ly/ 3.3 v secondary isolated supply 4.5 v v dd1 5.5 v, v sel = gnd iso , each voltage is relative to its respective ground. all min imum /max imum specifications apply ove r the entire recommended operating range, unless otherwise noted. all typical specifications are at t a = 25c, v dd1 = 5.0 v, v iso = 3.3 v, and v sel = gnd iso . table 4 . parameter symbol min typ max unit test conditions dc - to - dc con verter power supply setpoint v iso 3.0 3.3 3.6 v i iso = 0 ma line regulation v iso(line) 1 mv/v i iso = 50 ma, v dd1 = 4.5 v to 5.5 v load regulation v iso(load) 1 5 % i iso = 10 ma to 100 ma output ripple v iso(rip) 50 mv p -p 20 mhz bandwidth, c bo = 0.1 f || 10 f, i iso = 9 0 ma output noise v iso(n) 130 mv p -p c bo = 0.1 f ||10 f, i iso = 9 0 ma switching frequency f osc 180 mhz pwm frequency f pwm 625 khz i dd1 supply current, full v iso load i dd1(max) 2 5 0 ma i iso = 100 ma maximum output s upply current i iso( max ) 100 ma v iso > 3.0 v efficiency a t max imum output supply current 28 % i iso = 100 ma i dd1 supply current, no v iso l oad i dd1(q) 3 12 ma i iso = 0 ma undervoltage lockout, v dd1 and v iso supply positive going threshold v uv + 2.7 v negative going threshold v uv? 2.4 v hysteresis v uvh 0.3 v
data sheet adum5000 rev. b | page 5 of 16 package characterist ics table 5 . parameter symbol min typ max unit test conditions resistance and capacitance resistance (input -to - output) 1 r i - o 10 1 2 ? capacitance (input -to - outp ut) 1 c i - o 2.2 pf f = 1 mhz input capacitance 2 c i 4.0 pf ic junction - to - ambient thermal resistance ja 45 c/w thermocouple is located at the center of the package underside; test conducted on a 4 - layer board with t hin traces 3 thermal shutdown thermal shutdown threshold ts sd 150 c t j rising thermal shutdown hysteresis ts sd - hys 20 c 1 this device is considered a 2 - terminal device; pin 1 through pin 8 are shorted together, and pin 9 through pin 16 are shorted together. 2 input capacitanc e is from any input data pin to ground. 3 refer to the power considerations section for thermal model definitions. regulatory informati on the adum5000 is approved by the organizations listed in table 6 . refe r to table 11 and the insulation lifetime section for more information about recommended maximum working voltages for specific cross isolation waveforms and insulation levels. table 6 . ul csa vde (pending) recognized under 1577 component recogn i tion program 1 approved under csa component acce p tance notice #5a certified according to iec 60747- 5 - 2 (vde 0884, part 2):2003 - 01 2 single p rotection , 2500 v rms isolation vol t age testing was conducted per csa 60950 - 1 -0 7 and iec 60950 -1 , 2nd ed ition at 2.5 kv rated voltage basic insulation at 4 00 v rms (566 v peak) working voltage reinforced insulation at 250 v rms (353 v peak) working voltage basic insulation, 560 v peak file e214100 file 20 5078 file 2471900 - 4880 - 0001 1 in accordance with ul 1577, each adum5000 is proof tested by appl ying an insulation test voltage 3000 v rms for 1 sec (current leakage detection limit = 5 a). 2 in accordance with iec 60747 - 5 - 2 (vde 0884, part 2): 2003- 01 , each adum5000 is proof tested by applying an insulation test voltage 1050 v peak for 1 sec (pa rtial discharge detection limit = 5 pc). the asterisk ( * ) marking branded on the component designates iec 60747 - 5 - 2 (vde 0884, part 2):2003 - 01. insulation and safet y - related specificatio ns table 7 . parameter symbol value unit conditions rated dielectric insulation voltage 2500 v rms 1 - minute duration minimum external air gap (clearance) l(i 01) 8.0 mm measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance through air minimum external tracking (creepage) l(i02) 7.6 mm measured from input terminals to output terminals, shortest distance path along body minimum internal distance (internal clearance) 0.017 min mm d istance through the insulation tracking resistance (comparative tracking index) cti >175 v din iec 112/vde 0303 part 1 isolation group iiia material group (din vde 0110, 1/89, table 1)
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 6 of 16 iec 60747 - 5 - 2 (vde 0884, pa rt 2):2003 - 01 insulation charac teristics this power module is suitable for reinforced electrical isolation only within the safety limit data. maintenance of the safet y data is ensured by protective circuits. the asterisk ( * ) marking branded on the componen t designates iec 60747 - 5 - 2 (vde 0884, part 2):2003 - 01 approval. table 8 . description conditions symbol characteristic unit installation classification per din vde 0110 for rated mains voltage 150 v rms i to iv for rated mains voltage 300 v rms i to iii for rated mains voltage 400 v rms i to ii climatic classification 40/105/21 pollution degree per din vde 0110, table 1 2 maximum working insulation voltage v iorm 560 v peak input - to - output test voltage method b 1 v iorm 1.875 = v pr , 100% production test, t m = 1 sec, partial discharge < 5 pc v pr 1050 v peak method a v iorm 1.6 = v pr , t m = 6 0 sec, partial discharge < 5 pc v pr after environmental tests subgroup 1 896 v peak after input and/or safety test subgroup 2 and subgroup 3 v iorm 1.2 = v pr , t m = 60 sec, partial discharge < 5 pc 672 v peak highest allowable overvoltage transient overvoltage, t tr = 10 sec v tr 4000 v peak safety - limiting values maximum value allo wed in the event of a fa ilure ( see figure 2 ) case temperature t s 150 c side 1 i dd1 current i s1 555 ma insulation resistance at t s v io = 500 v r s >10 9 ? thermal derating curve 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 0 50 100 150 200 ambient temperature (c) safe operating v dd1 current (ma) 07539-002 figure 2 . thermal derating curve, dependen ce of safety - limiting values on case temperature, per din en 60747 - 5- 2 recommended operatin g conditions table 9 . parameter symbol min max unit comments temperature 1 operating temperature t a ?40 +105 c supply voltages 2 each voltage is re lative to its respective ground v dd 1 at v sel = 0 v v dd 1 2.7 5.5 v v dd 1 at v sel = 5 v v dd 1 4.5 5.5 v 1 operation at 105c requires reduction of the maximum load current as specified in table 10. 2 each voltage is relative to its respective ground.
data sheet adum5000 rev. b | page 7 of 16 absolute maximum rat ings ambient temperature = 25c, unless otherwise noted. table 10. parameter rating storage temperature (t st ) ?55c to +150c ambient operating temperature (t a ) ?40c to +105c supply voltages (v dd x , v iso ) 1 ?0.5 v to +7.0 v input voltage ( rc sel , rc in , v sel ) 1, 2 ?0.5 v to v ddi + 0.5 v output voltage (rc out ) 1, 2 ?0.5 v to v ddo + 0.5 v average total output curre nt 3 i iso 100 ma common - mode transients 4 ?100 kv/s to +100 kv/s 1 each voltage is relative to its respective ground. 2 v ddi and v ddo refer to the supply voltages on the input and output sides of a given channel, respectively. see the pcb layo ut section. 3 see figure 2 for maximum rated current values for various temperatures. 4 refers to common - mode transients across the i solation barrier. common - mode transients exceedin g the absolute maximum rat ings may cause latch - up or perm a nent damage. stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any ot her conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. table 11 . maximum continuous w orking voltage 1 parameter max unit reference standard ac voltage bipolar waveform 424 v peak 50 - year minimum lifetime unipolar waveform basic insulation 600 v peak maximum approved working voltage per iec 60950 -1 reinforced insulation 353 v peak maximum approved working voltage per iec 60950 -1 dc voltage basic insulation 600 v peak maximum approved working voltage per iec 60950 -1 reinforced insulation 353 v peak maximum approved working voltage per iec 60950 -1 1 refers to continuous voltag e magnitude imposed across the isolation barrier. see the insulation lifetime section for more details. esd caution
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 8 of 16 pin configuration an d function descripti ons v dd1 1 gnd 1 2 nc 3 rc in 4 v iso 16 gnd iso 15 nc 14 v sel 13 rc out 5 nc 12 rc sel 6 nc nc = no connect 11 v dd1 7 v iso 10 gnd 1 8 gnd iso 9 adum5000 top view (not to scale) 07539-003 figure 3. pin co nfiguration table 12 . pin function descriptions pin no. mnemonic description 1 , 7 v dd1 primary supply voltage 3.0 v to 5.5 v. pin 1 and pin 7 are internally connected to each other, and i t is recom - mended that both pins be externa lly connected to a common power source. 2, 8 gnd 1 ground 1. ground reference for the primary side of the converter . pin 2 and pin 8 are internally connected to each other , and it is recommended that both pins be connected to a common ground. 3, 1 1, 12, 1 4 nc no internal connection. 4 rc in regulation control input . in slave power configuration ( rc sel = l ow), this pin is connected to the rc out pin of a master iso power device, or tied low to disable the converter. in master/stand alone mode ( rc sel = h igh) , t his pin has no function. this pin is weakly pulled to low. in n oisy environments , it should be tied to l ow or to a pwm control source. note that t his pin must not be tied high if rc sel is low ; this combination c ause s excessive voltage on the secondary side of the converter , damaging the adum5000 and possibly the devices that it powers. 5 rc out regulation control outpu t. in master power configuration, this pin is connected to the rc in pin of a slave iso power device to allow the adum5000 to regulate addition al devices. 6 rc sel control input. sets either self - regulation /master mode ( rc sel high) or slave mode ( rc sel low). this pin is weakly pulled to the hi gh state. in noisy environments, tie this pin e ither high or low. 9, 15 gnd iso ground reference for the secondary side of the converter . pin 9 and pin 15 are internally connected to each other , and it is recommended that both pins be connected to a common ground. 10, 16 v iso secondary supply voltage output for external loads, 3.3 v ( v sel l ow) or 5.0 v ( v sel h igh). 5.0 v output functionality is not guaranteed for a 3.3 v primary supply input. pin 10 and pin 16 are internally connected to each other and connecting both externally is recommended. 13 v sel output voltage selection . when v sel = v iso , the v iso set point is 5.0 v . when v sel = gnd iso , the v iso setpoint is 3.3 v. thi s pin is weakly pulled to high. in noisy environments , tie this pin either high or low. in s lave regulation mod e, this pin has no function. table 13 . truth table (p ositive logic) 1 rc sel input rc in input rc out output v sel input v dd1 input v iso output operation h x pwm 2 h 5.0 v 5.0 v master mode operation, self regulating. h x pwm 2 l 5.0 v 3.3 v master mode operation, self regulating. h x pwm 2 h 3.3 v 5.0 v this configuration is not recommended due to poor efficiency . h x pwm 2 l 3.3 v 3.3 v master mode operation, self regulating. l rc out(ext) rc in x x 3 x slave mode, rc out(ext) supplied by a master iso power device. l l l x x 0 v low power mode, c onverter disable d . l h h x x x note that t his combination of rc in and rc s el is prohibited. damage occur s on the secondary side of the converter due to ex c ess output voltage at v iso . rc in must be l ow , or it must be connected to a pwm signal from a master iso power part. 1 x = dont care. 2 pwm refers to the regulation control signal. this signal is derived from the secondary side regulator or from the rc in input, depending on the value of rc sel . 3 v dd1 must be common between all iso power devices being regulated by a master iso power part.
data sheet adum5000 rev. b | page 9 of 16 typical performance characteristics 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 output current (a) efficiency (%) 3.3v in/3.3v out 5v in/3.3v out 5v in/5v out 07539-004 figure 4 . typical power supply efficiency in all supported power configurations 07539-005 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 i npu t c u rr e n t ( a ) o ut pu t c u rr e n t ( a ) 3.3v in/3.3v out 5v in/3.3v out 5v in/5v out figure 5. typical isolated output supply current vs. external load in all suppor ted power configurations 07539-122 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 i iso (a) power dissipation (w) 3.3v in/3.3v out 5v in/3.3v out 5v in/5v out figure 6. typical total power dissipation vs. isolated output supply current in all supported power configurations 07539-006 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 3.0 2.5 3.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 v dd1 (v) i dd1 (a) and power dissipation (w) power i dd figure 7 . typical short - circuit input current and power v s. v dd1 supply voltage 07539-007 (100s/div) output voltage (500mv/div) dynamic load 10% load 90% load figure 8 . typical v iso transient load response, 5 v output, 10% to 90% load step 07539-008 (100s/div) output voltage (500mv/div) dynamic load 10% load 90% load figure 9 . typical v iso transient load response, 3 v output, 10% to 9 0% load step
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 10 of 16 07539-009 time (s) ripple, v iso = 5v (mv) ?40 ?50 ?60 ?70 ?80 ?90 ?100 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 bw = 20mhz figure 10 . typical output voltage ripple at 90% load , v iso = 5 v 07539-010 time (s) ripple, v iso = 3.3v (mv) ?20 ?30 ?40 ?50 ?60 ?70 ?80 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 bw = 20mhz figure 11 . typical output voltage ripple at 90% load , v iso = 3.3 v 07539-012 time (ms) v iso (v) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ?1 0 1 2 3 90% load 10% load figure 12 . typical output voltage start - u p transi ent at 10% and 90% load , v iso = 5 v 07539-013 time (ms) v iso (v) 5 4 3 2 1 0 ?1.0 ?0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 90% load 10% load figure 13 . typical output voltage start - u p transient at 10% and 90% load , v iso = 3.3 v
data sheet adum5000 rev. b | page 11 of 16 applications information the dc-to-dc converter section of the adum5000 works on principles that are common to most switching power supplies. it has a secondary side controller architecture with isolated pulse- width modulation (pwm) feedback. v dd1 power is supplied to an oscillating circuit that switches current into a chip scale air core transformer. power transferred to the secondary side is rectified and regulated to either 3.3 v or 5 v. the secondary (v iso ) side controller regulates the output by creating a pwm control signal that is sent to the primary (v dd1 ) side by a dedicated i coupler data channel. the pwm modulates the oscillator circuit to control the power being sent to the secondary side. feedback allows for significantly higher power and efficiency. the adum5000 provides a regulation control output (rc out ) signal that can be connected to other iso power devices. this feature allows a single regulator to control multiple power modules without contention. when auxiliary power modules are present, the v iso pins can be connected together to work as a single supply. because there is only one feedback control path, the supplies work together seamlessly. the adum5000 can be a source of regulation control, as well as being controlled by another iso power device. there is an undervoltage lockout (uvlo) with hysteresis in the v dd1 input protection circuit. when the input voltage rises above the uvlo threshold, the dc-to-dc converter becomes active. the input voltage must be decreased below the turn-on threshold by the hysteresis value to disable the converter. this feature has many benefits in the power-up sequence of the converter, such as ensuring that the system supply rises to a minimum level before the adum5000 demands current. it also prevents any voltage drop due to converter current from turning the supply off and possibly oscillating. pcb layout the adum5000 digital isolator is a 0.5 w iso power integrated dc-to-dc converter that requires no external interface circuitry for the logic interfaces. power supply bypassing is required at the input and output supply pins (see figure 14). the power supply section of the adum5000 uses a 180 mhz oscillator frequency to pass power efficiently through its chip scale transformers. in addition, the normal operation of the data section of the i coupler introduces switching transients on the power supply pins. bypass capacitors are required for several operating frequencies. noise suppression requires a low inductance, high frequency capacitor, whereas ripple suppression and proper regulation require a large value capacitor. these capacitors are most conveniently connected between pin 1 and pin 2 for v dd1 , and between pin 15 and pin 16 for v iso . to suppress noise and reduce ripple, a parallel combination of at least two capacitors is required. the recommended capacitor values are 0.1 f and 10 f. best practice recommends using a very low inductance ceramic capacitor, or its equivalent, for the smaller value. the total lead length between both ends of the capacitor and the input power supply pin should not exceed 10 mm. consider bypassing between pin 1 and pin 8 and between pin 9 and pin 16 unless both common ground pins are connected together close to the package. v dd1 gnd 1 nc rc in v iso gnd iso nc nc nc v sel rc out rc sel v dd1 v iso gnd 1 gnd iso 07539-011 figure 14. recommended pcb layout in applications involving high common-mode transients, ensure that board coupling across the isolation barrier is minimized. furthermore, design the board layout such that any coupling that does occur affects all pins equally on a given component side. failure to ensure this can cause voltage differentials between pins exceeding the absolute maximum ratings for the device as specified in table 10, thereby leading to latch-up and/or permanent damage. the adum5000 is a power device that dissipates approximately 1 w of power when fully loaded. because it is not possible to apply a heat sink to an isolation device, the device primarily depends on heat dissipation into the pcb through the gnd pins. if the device is used at high ambient temperatures, provide a thermal path from the gnd pins to the pcb ground plane. the board layout in figure 14 shows enlarged pads for pin 2 and pin 8 (gnd 1 ) and for pin 9 and pin 15 (gnd iso ). implement multiple vias from the pad to the ground plane to significantly reduce the temperature inside the chip. the dimensions of the expanded pads are at the discretion of the designer and depend on the available board space. start-up behavior the adum5000 does not contain a soft start circuit. take the start-up current and voltage behavior into account when designing with this device. when power is applied to v dd1 , the input switching circuit begins to operate and draw current when the uvlo minimum voltage is reached. the switching circuit drives the maximum available power to the output until it reaches the regulation voltage where pwm control begins. the amount of current and time this takes depends on the load and the v dd1 slew rate.
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 12 of 16 with a fast v dd1 slew rate (200 s or less), the peak current draws up to 100 ma/v of v dd1 . the input voltage goes high faster than the output can turn on; therefore, the peak current is proportional to the maximum input voltage. with a slow v dd1 slew rate (in the millisecond range), the input voltage does not change quickly when v dd1 reaches uvlo. the current surge is about 300 ma because v dd1 is nearly constant at the 2.7 v uvlo point. the behavior during start-up is similar to when the device load is a short circuit; these values are con- sistent with the short-circuit current shown in figure 7. when starting the device for v iso = 5 v operation, do not limit the current available to the v dd1 power pin to less than 300 ma. the adum5000 may not be able to drive the output to the regulation point if a current-limiting device clamps the v dd1 voltage during startup. as a result, the adum5000 can draw large amounts of current at low voltage for extended periods. the output voltage of the adum5000 device exhibits v iso over- shoot during startup. if this could potentially damage components attached to v iso , then a voltage-limiting device, such as a zener diode, can be used to clamp the voltage. typical behavior is shown in figure 12 and figure 13. emi considerations it is necessary for the dc-to-dc converter section of the adum5000 to operate at 180 mhz to allow efficient power transfer through the small transformers. this creates high frequency currents that can propagate in circuit board ground and power planes, causing edge emissions and dipole radiation between the input and output ground planes. grounded enclosures are recommended for applications that use these devices. if grounded enclosures are not possible, follow good rf design practices in the layout of the pcb. see the an-0971 application note for board layout recommendations. thermal analysis the adum5000 consists of four internal silicon die, attached to a split lead frame with two die attach paddles. for the purposes of thermal analysis, it is treated as a thermal unit with the highest junction temperature reflected in the ja from table 5. the value of ja is based on measurements taken with the part mounted on a jedec standard 4-layer board with fine width traces and still air. under normal operating conditions, the adum5000 operates at full load across the full temperature range without derating the output current. however, following the recommen- dations in the pcb layout section decreases the thermal resistance to the pcb, allowing increased thermal margin at high ambient temperatures. current limit and thermal overload protection the adum5000 is protected against damage due to excessive power dissipation by thermal overload protection circuits. thermal overload protection limits the junction temperature to a maximum of 150c (typical). under extreme conditions (that is, high ambient temperature and power dissipation), when the junction temper- ature starts to rise above 150c, the pwm is turned off, which turns off the output current. when the junction temperature falls below 130c (typical), the pwm turns on again, restoring the output current to its nominal value. consider the case where a hard short from v iso to ground occurs. at first, the adum5000 reaches its maximum current, which is proportional to the voltage applied at v dd1 . power dissipates on the primary side of the converter (see figure 7). if self-heating of the junction becomes great enough to cause its temperature to rise above 150c, thermal shutdown activates, turning off the pwm and turning off the output current. as the junction temperature cools and falls below 130c, the pwm turns on and power dissipates again on the primary side of the converter, causing the junction temperature to rise to 150c again. this thermal oscillation between 130c and 150c causes the part to cycle on and off as long as the short remains at the output. thermal limit protections are intended to protect the device against accidental overload conditions. for reliable operation, externally limit device power dissipation to prevent junction temperatures from exceeding 130c. power considerations the adum5000 converter primary side is protected from pre- mature operation by undervoltage lockout (uvlo) circuitry. below the minimum operating voltage, the power converter holds its oscillator inactive. when the primary side oscillator begins to operate, it transfers power to the secondary power circuits. the secondary v iso voltage starts below its uvlo limit making it inactive and unable to generate a regulation control signal. the primary side power oscillator is allowed to free run under this condition, supplying the maximum amount of power to the secondary side. as the secondary side voltage rises to its regulation setpoint, a large inrush current transient is present at v dd1 . when the regulation point is reached, the regulation control circuit produces the regulation control signal that modulates the oscillator on the primary side. the v dd1 current is then reduced and is proportional to the load current. the inrush current is less than the short- circuit current shown in figure 7. the duration of the inrush depends on the v iso loading conditions and on the current and voltage available at the v dd1 pin.
data sheet adum5000 rev. b | page 13 of 16 increasing available power the adum5000 device is designed to work in combination with other compatible iso power devices. the rc out , rc in , and rc sel pins allow the adum5000 to provide its pwm signal to another device through the rc out pin acting as a master. it can also receive a pwm signal from another device through its rc in pin and act as a slave to that control signal. the rc sel pin chooses whether the part acts as a master or slave device. when the adum5000 is acting as a slave, its power is regulated by the master device, allowing multiple iso power parts to be combined in parallel while sharing the load equally. when the adum5000 is configured as a master or standalone unit, it generates its own pwm feedback signal to regulate itself and slave devices. the adum5000 can function as a master, slave, or standalone device. all devices in the adum5xxx and adum6xxx family can function as standalone devices. some of these devices also function as master devices or slave devices, but not both (see table 14). table 15 shows how iso power devices can provide many combinations of data channel count and multiples of the single unit power. table 14. allowed combinations of iso power parts part no. function master slave standalone adum6000 yes yes yes adum620x no yes yes adum640x no no yes adum5000 yes yes yes adum520x no yes yes adum5400 no no yes adum5401 to adum5404 yes no yes another feature allowed by the rc sel and rc in control architecture is the ability to completely shut down the oscillator in the dc-to- dc converter. this places the part in a low power standby mode and reduces the current draw to a fraction of a milliamp. when the adum5000 is placed in slave mode by driving rc sel low, the oscillator is controlled by rc in . if rc in is held low, the oscillator is shut down and the part is in low power standby mode. with no oscillator driving power to the secondary side, v iso turns off. this mode is useful for applications where an isolated subsystem may be shut down to conserve power. to reactivate the power module, drive rc sel high; the power supply resumes operation. table 15. configurations for power and data channels power units number of data channels 0 channels 2 channels 4 channels 1-unit power adum6000 or adum5000 (standalone) ad um620x or adum520x (standalone) adum5401, adum5402, adum5403, adum5404, or adum640x (standalone) 2-unit power adum6000 or adum5000 (master) adum6000 or adum5000 (slave) adum6000 or adum5000 (master) adum620x or adum520x (slave) adum5401, adum5402, adum5403, adum5404 (master) adum6000 or adum5000 (slave) 3-unit power adum6000 or adum5000 (master) adum6000 or adum 5000 (master) adum6000 or adum5000 (master) adum6000 or adum5000 (slave) adum6000 or adum 5000 (slave) adum620x or adum520x (slave) adum6000 or adum5000 (slave) adum620x or adum 520x (slave) adum620x or adum520x (slave)
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 14 of 16 insulation lifetime all insulation structures eventually break down when subjected to voltage stress over a sufficiently long period. the rate of insu- lation degradation is dependent on the characteristics of the voltage waveform applied across the insulation. in addition to the testing performed by the regulatory agencies, analog devices carries out an extensive set of evaluations to determine the life- time of the insulation structure within the adum5000. analog devices performs accelerated life testing using voltage levels higher than the rated continuous working voltage. accel- eration factors for several operating conditions are determined. these factors allow calculation of the time to failure at the actual working voltage. the values shown in table 11 summarize the peak voltage for 50 years of service life for a bipolar ac operating condition, and the maximum csa/vde approved working voltages. in many cases, the approved working voltage is higher than 50-year service life voltage. operation at these high work- ing voltages can lead to shortened insulation life in some cases. the insulation lifetime of the adum5000 depends on the voltage waveform imposed across the isolation barrier. the i coupler insulation structure degrades at different rates depending on whether the waveform is bipolar ac, unipolar ac, or dc. figure 15, figure 16, and figure 17 illustrate these different isolation voltage waveforms. bipolar ac voltage is the most stringent environment. the goal of a 50-year operating lifetime under the ac bipolar condition determines the maximum working voltage that analog devices recommends. in the case of unipolar ac or dc voltage, the stress on the insula- tion is significantly lower. this allows operation at higher working voltages while still achieving a 50-year service life. the working voltages listed in table 11 can be applied while maintaining the 50-year minimum lifetime, provided the voltage conforms to either the unipolar ac or dc voltage cases. treat any cross insu- lation voltage waveform that does not conform to figure 16 or figure 17 as a bipolar ac waveform and limit its peak voltage to the 50-year lifetime voltage value listed in table 11. the voltage presented in figure 16 is shown as sinusoidal for illustration purposes only. it is meant to represent any voltage waveform varying between 0 v and some limiting value. the limiting value can be positive or negative, but the voltage cannot cross 0 v. 0v rated peak voltage 07539-021 figure 15. bipolar ac waveform 0v rated peak voltage 07539-022 figure 16. unipolar ac waveform 0v rated peak voltage 07539-023 figure 17. dc waveform
data sheet adum5000 rev. b | page 15 of 16 outline dimensions controlli ng dimensio ns are in millime ters; inch dimension s (in p arent heses) are round ed-off millimeter equiv alents fo r referenc e onl y and are not appropria te for use in d esign. compliant t o jedec st andards ms-013-a a 10 .50 (0.41 34) 10.10 (0.3976 ) 0.3 0 (0. 01 18) 0.10 (0.0039) 2.6 5 (0. 104 3) 2.35 (0.0925) 10.65 (0.41 93) 10.00 (0.3937) 7.60 (0.2992) 7.40 (0.29 13) 0.75 (0.0295) 0.25 (0.0098) 45 1.27 (0.0 500 ) 0.40 (0.0157) coplanarity 0.10 0.33 (0.0130) 0.20 (0.00 79) 0.51 (0.0201) 0.3 1 (0.01 22) sea ting plane 8 0 1 6 9 8 1 1.2 7 (0. 050 0) bsc 03- 27-20 07-b figure 18 . 16 - lead standard small outline package [soic_w] wide body (rw - 16) dimensio ns shown in millimeters and (inches) ordering guide model 1 , 2 temperature range package description package option adum5000arwz ?40 c to +105 c 16- lead soic_w rw -16 1 z = rohs compliant part. 2 tape and reel ar e available. the additional - rl suffi x designates a 13- inch (1,000 units) tape and reel option.
adum5000 data sheet rev. b | page 16 of 16 notes ? 2008 C 2012 analog devices, inc . all rights reserved. trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. d07539 - 0- 5/12(b)

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